National Healthcare Disparities Report 2004: Data Tables

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National Healthcare Disparities Report, 2004

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Racial and ethnic differences

Table 2.8a. Racial and Ethnic Differences in Effectiveness of Care: Respiratory Diseases

Measure	Racial Differenceⁱ					Ethnic Differenceⁱⁱ
Measure	Black	Asian	NHOPI	AI/AN	>1 Race	Hispanic
Influenza Immunization
High risk persons 18-64 who received influenza vaccine in past yearⁱⁱⁱ	↓ⁱⁱⁱ	↑		=	=	↓
People 65 and over who received influenza vaccine in the past yearⁱⁱⁱ	↓	=				↓
Hospital admissions for influenza per 100,000 population 65 and over^iv	=^iv	=^iv				↓
Pneumococcal Immunizationⁱⁱⁱ
High risk persons 18-64 who ever received pneumococcal vaccination	=				=	↓
People 65 and over who ever received pneumococcal vaccination	↓	↓			=	↓
Treatment of Pneumonia
Pneumonia patients who have blood cultures taken before antibiotics^v	↓^v	=^v		=		↓
Pneumonia patients who receive initial antibiotic dose within 4 hours of arrival^v	↓^v	↑^v		=		↓
Pneumonia patients who receive initial antibiotic consistent with current recommendations^v	=^v	=^v		↓		=
Pneumonia patients who receive influenza screening or vaccination^v	↓^v	=^v		=		↓
Pneumonia patients who receive pneumococcal screening or vaccination^v	↓^v	=^v		↑		↓
Deaths per 1,000 adult admissions with pneumonia^iv	=	↓^iv				=
Treatment of Upper Respiratory Infection^vi
Rate antibiotics prescribed at visits with a diagnosis of common cold per 10,000 population	=
Management of Asthma^vii
Hospital admissions for asthma per 100,000 population under 18	↓
Hospital admissions for asthma per 100,000 population 18 and over	↓
Treatment of Tuberculosis^viii
Tuberculosis patients who complete a curative course of treatment within 12 months of initiation of treatment	=	=^viii		↑		=

ⁱCompared with whites.
ⁱⁱCompared with non-Hispanic whites.
ⁱⁱⁱ National Vital Statistics System—Mortality, 2001. This source did not collect information on Asians and NHOPIs seperately but in aggregate as Asians or Pacific Islander. This source did not collect information for >1 race. This source did not collect information on income or insurance
^ivCompared with persons with family incomes 400% of Federal poverty thresholds or above.
^vCompared with persons with any college education.
^ivCompared with persons under 65 with any private health insurance.
Key: NHOPI=Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander; AI/AN=American Indian or Alaska Native; HS=high school.

Key to Symbols Used in Quality of Health Care Tables
=: Group and comparison group receive about same quality of health care or have similar outcomes.
↑Group receives better quality of health care than the comparison group or has better outcomes.
↓Group receives poorer quality of health care than the comparison group or has worse outcomes.
Blank cell: Reliable estimate for group could not be made..

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