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ADE rates from computerized surveillance 1991-2005:

| Citation |
ADEs per 100 admissions |
| Classen et al. 1991 |
2.5 |
| Jha et al. 1998 |
4.1 |
| Duke 2005 - 2 hospitals |
4.4, 6.3 |
| Gurwitz 2003 |
50 ADEs per 1000 pt-yrs (ambulatory) |
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